Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb rau cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov cuab yeej siv suab thiab video yog IEC60950, IEC60065, lawv daim ntawv thov qhov siab yog 2000m saum toj no hiav txwv theem hauv qab cheeb tsam, feem ntau hauv thaj chaw qhuav thiab huab cua sov lossis huab cua sov siv cov cuab yeej siv, thiab siab. qhov siab ntawm qhov sib thooj tsis tshua muaj siab ib puag ncig ntawm cov cuab yeej kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau xav txog ntawm tus qauv.

Lub ntiaj teb muaj txog 19.8 lab square kilometers ntawm thaj av saum toj no 2000m saum toj no hiav txwv theem, ob npaug ntawm qhov loj ntawm Tuam Tshoj.Cov cheeb tsam siab siab no feem ntau faib rau hauv Asia thiab South America, uas muaj ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam hauv South America yog ntau tshaj 2000m saum hiav txwv theem thiab nyob hauv.Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov kev lag luam rov qab tsis zoo thiab cov qauv kev nyob tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv cov teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam, qhov nkag mus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov cuab yeej kuj tseem qis, Vim li ntawd, theem ntawm kev tsim qauv poob qis ntawm cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb thiab tsis suav nrog ntxiv. kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum siab tshaj 2,000 meters.Txawm hais tias Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada, nyob rau hauv North America, tau tsim kev lag luam thiab tau siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yuav luag tsis muaj cov neeg nyob saum 2000m, yog li UL tus qauv ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tsis muaj cov kev xav tau ntxiv rau kev kub siab. . Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau ntawm IEC cov tswvcuab hauv tebchaws yog nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe, qhov chaw yog qhov chaw tiaj tiaj.Tsuas yog ob peb lub tebchaws, xws li Austria thiab Slovenia, muaj qhov siab tshaj 2000m saum toj no hiav txwv theem, ntau thaj chaw roob, huab cua hnyav thiab tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob.Yog li ntawd, European tus qauv EN60950 thiab tus txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb IEC60950 tsis xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig siab tshaj 2000m ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom siv suab thiab video.Tsuas yog lub xyoo no hauv kev ntsuas tus qauv IEC61010: 2001 (Kev ntsuas, tswj thiab kuaj hluav taws xob. khoom siv kev nyab xeeb) tau muab ib feem ntawm qhov kev txhim kho hluav taws xob tshem tawm.Cov nyhuv ntawm qhov siab siab ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog muab rau hauv IEC664A, tab sis cov nyhuv ntawm qhov siab siab ntawm qhov kub nce siab tsis raug txiav txim siab.

Vim yog thaj chaw ib puag ncig ntawm IEC cov tswvcuab hauv tebchaws feem ntau, cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis dav dav thiab cov khoom siv suab thiab video feem ntau yog siv hauv tsev thiab chaw ua haujlwm, thiab yuav tsis siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig siab tshaj 2000m, yog li lawv tsis raug txiav txim siab.Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li lub cev muaj zog, transformers thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav siv rau hauv qhov chaw hnyav xws li roob, yog li lawv raug txiav txim siab hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas ntsuas.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Suav kev lag luam thiab kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm kev hloov kho thiab qhib txoj cai, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm peb lub teb chaws tau tsim sai heev, daim ntawv thov kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kuj yog qhov dav dua, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau lub sijhawm.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev saib xyuas ntau dua yog them rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

1.Kev tshawb fawb txog xwm txheej thiab kev txhim kho cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Txij li thaum kev hloov kho thiab qhib, cov neeg ua ntej hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev kev nyab xeeb cov qauv kev tshawb fawb, kev kuaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntawv pov thawj tau ua haujlwm ntau, nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb tau ua qee yam kev vam meej, tib lub sijhawm tas li taug qab cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb. thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntawm cov teb chaws tsim, Cov qauv hauv tebchaws xws li GB4943 (kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis), GB8898 (kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv suab thiab video) thiab GB4793 (kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hauv kev ntsuas, tswj thiab kuaj) tau tsim, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov qauv no tau yoog raws li ib puag ncig hauv qab 2000m saum toj no hiav txwv theem, thiab Tuam Tshoj muaj thaj tsam loj.Geographical tej yam kev mob thiab climatic tej yam kev mob yog complex heev.Cov cheeb tsam qaum teb sab hnub poob feem ntau yog toj siab, nrog cov neeg coob coob nyob ntawd. Cov cheeb tsam siab dua 1000m suav txog 60% ntawm Tuam Tshoj thaj av tag nrho, cov siab tshaj 2000m suav txog 33%, thiab cov siab tshaj 3000m suav txog 16%.Ntawm lawv, thaj chaw saum toj no 2000m yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv Tibet, Qinghai, Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinling Roob thiab cov roob sab hnub poob ntawm Xinjiang, suav nrog Kunming, Xining, Lhasa thiab lwm lub nroog cov nroog loj, cov cheeb tsam no muaj cov khoom siv ntuj tsim tau sai. kev xav tau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, nrog rau kev siv lub teb chaws western txoj cai txoj kev loj hlob, yuav muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov txuj ci thiab kev nqis peev rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, cov ntaub ntawv siv technology thiab cov khoom siv suab thiab video kuj yuav siv los ntawm ntau tus neeg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm peb koom nrog WTO, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv cov cai thiab kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv Suav teb los ntawm kev siv tshuab ntau dua li kev tswj hwm.Ntau lub teb chaws tsim kho txhua tus muab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb raws li lawv tus kheej nyiam thaum importing cov khoom siv hluav taws xob raws li qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj tiv thaiv koj tus kheej kev lag luam nrog rau koj tus kheej cov neeg siv khoom.Ua kom tiav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv yim tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob hauv thaj chaw siab siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm.

2.Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Qhov siab tsis tshua muaj kev sib tham hauv daim ntawv no tsuas yog hais txog thaj av siab, tsis yog aviation, aerospace, airborne thiab ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob siab tshaj 6000m.Raws li muaj ob peb tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw siab dua 6000m, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig hauv qab 6000m ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog txhais raws li qhov kev sib tham, Sib piv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua sib txawv saum toj no thiab qis dua 2000m ntawm kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. .Raws li cov tub ceev xwm thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua txo qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

(1) Roj los yog kua tawm ntawm lub plhaub kaw
(2) Lub thawv ntim tau tawg lossis tawg
(3) Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm huab cua rwb thaiv tsev (hluav taws xob sib txawv)
(4) Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob (kub nce)

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, cov nyhuv ntawm lub siab tsis tshua muaj cua sov rwb thaiv tsev thiab tshav kub hloov efficiency yog tham.Vim tias tsis tshua muaj siab ib puag ncig tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev, yog li nws tsis raug txiav txim siab.

3 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm kev tawg ntawm hluav taws xob sib txawv.

Cov conductors siv los cais cov hluav taws xob txaus ntshai lossis muaj peev xwm sib txawv tsuas yog nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv insulating.Insulating cov ntaub ntawv yog dielectric siv rau rwb thaiv tsev.Lawv muaj tsawg conductivity, tab sis lawv tsis kiag li tsis-conductive.Rwb thaiv tsev resistivity yog lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev faib los ntawm qhov ceev tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev.Cov conductivity yog reciprocal ntawm cov resistivity.Rau kev nyab xeeb yog vim li cas, nws yog feem ntau cia siab tias cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam ntawm insulating cov ntaub ntawv yog loj npaum li cas.Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom siv roj insulating, cov ntaub ntawv ua kua insulating thiab cov khoom siv insulating, thiab cov khoom nruab nrab thiab cov khoom nruab nrab yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv suab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, yog li qhov zoo ntawm insulating nruab nrab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. kev nyab xeeb kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom.